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A duct fan (also known as a duct-mounted fan or duct ventilator) is a fan that is installed directly into a duct or channel to transport air or other gaseous media within this duct system. In duct fan applications, fans are usually flanged to both sides of the duct system, depending on the application. This makes the duct fan an integral part of the flow channel and allows it to be used for supply or exhaust air as required.
The modularly designed MAXventowlet medium-pressure axial fan with factory-adjustable blade angles is designed for installation in pipe and flange systems and combines high flow rates with medium operating pressures and quiet operation
A duct fan provides targeted air delivery (volume flow) and pressure build-up within closed duct systems. Through controlled air movement, the duct fan thus creates stable flow conditions in the respective application:
The combination of the application requirements (e.g., required pressure, volume flow, etc.) and the installation situation means that a duct fan must have certain characteristics in order to fulfill its purpose reliably and as efficiently as possible. For this reason, different types of fans can generally be used as duct fans:
Axial fans move air parallel to the drive axis. They are generally used when large volumes of air (volume flows) need to be transported at low to medium pressure resistances. Example: short pipelines or installation situations with low pressure loss.
Centrifugal fans draw in air in an axial direction parallel to the drive shaft, deflect it, and discharge it again in a radial direction, perpendicular to the axis of rotation. The air is then collected and aligned again. Radial fans are typically used as duct fans when high resistance must be overcome. Example: Long, branched ducts with built-in filters.
Diagonal fans with conical blades in the impeller are a hybrid between axial and radial fans. They are generally used in applications with limited installation space, where axial fans generate too little pressure and radial fans generate too little volume flow for the purpose of the application.
In order to ensure the most effective and efficient operation of the system, the exact requirements of the application should be determined:
Intelligent design software can assist in selecting the right components and comparing their technical and economic characteristics.
The FANselect selection software from ZIEHL-ABEGG helps you quickly and easily select the right fan for your application!
Like all fans, the basic design of a tube fan consists of an impeller and an electric motor that drives it. The electric motor converts electrical energy into kinetic energy (energy of motion) and sets the impeller in rotational motion. The rotating impeller accelerates the air or gas, thereby generating an increase in pressure and a volume flow. This increase in pressure transports the air or gas through the connected pipe system.
As an integral part of a flow-conducting system, duct fans are usually installed with the intake and exhaust connected to the pipe system.
Important: To ensure optimum efficiency and acoustics of a duct fan, the inflow and outflow should be as linear and uniform as possible. Minimum distances from walls, elbows, or other obstacles within the duct system are recommended. Using the example of an axial duct fan, the recommended distance is 2.5 times the diameter (Ø) of the impeller.
Similarly, changing pipe diameters (if applicable) should be taken into account when designing the entire system and dimensioning the motor and aerodynamics (impeller). According to the continuity equation, there is a direct relationship between the cross-section of the air duct and the flow velocity in an unbranched system. The resulting effects on efficiency and acoustics should correspond to the specific requirements of the respective application.
In general, duct fans are used wherever air or other gaseous media need to be conveyed, extracted, or supplied through a duct system. Some examples of applications in which fans can be integrated directly into a duct system are:
Technical parameters such as volume flow, pressure increase, efficiency, power consumption, speed, and noise generation form the basis for the planning and design of all fan types. Especially in applications where the fan is used as an integral part of a closed system, the focus is on parameters that are affected by the corresponding system influences of the application:
The lifetime of duct fans is directly related to the type of application and the amount of maintenance required.
Depending on the application, dust, moisture, grease, or other substances may accumulate in the pipes. The media compatibility of the materials used (e.g., temperature resistance, corrosion protection, chemical resistance, etc.) also has a direct impact on the service life and performance values of the entire system.
For optimal service life of the system, we recommend:
